Uterus Cancer
Warning Signs, Diagnosis, and Life After
A key warning sign is any unusual vaginal bleeding, particularly after menopause. As more women become aware of this and go for regular check-ups, the chances of catching it early are increasing. This guide is here to help you understand the warning signs, causes, and treatment options for uterus cancer in simple, clear language.
Introduction to Uterus Cancer
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Types of Uterus Cancer
⦿ Uterine Serous Carcinoma: An aggressive type that also starts in the endometrium. It tends to spread more quickly and has a higher risk of recurrence.
⦿ Clear Cell Carcinoma: A less common type, also arising from the endometrial lining. It is known for its clear cells under a microscope and can be aggressive.
⦿ Uterine Carcinosarcoma: A rare and aggressive cancer with both epithelial and mesenchymal components. It is considered a type of sarcoma and can be challenging to treat.

What Causes Uterus Cancer?
- Age

- Family History
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Uterus Cancer Symptoms





Pain During Intercourse

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Uterus Cancer Diagnosis

⦿ Transvaginal Ultrasound: A probe is inserted into the vagina to create images of the uterus. It helps assess the thickness of the endometrial lining.
⦿ Endometrial Biopsy: A tissue sample is taken from the uterine lining for examination. This is the most common way to diagnose uterine cancer.
⦿ Hysteroscopy: A thin, lighted tube is inserted into the uterus to view the lining. It allows the doctor to identify and biopsy suspicious areas.
⦿ Dilation and Curettage (D&C): The cervix is widened, and tissue is scraped from the uterine lining. This is used if a biopsy is not possible or inconclusive.
⦿ Imaging Tests: CT scans, MRIs, or PET scans may be used to assess the spread of cancer. These tests help determine the stage of the cancer.
Uterus Cancer Treatment in India
Surgery



Hormone Therapy


Drugs target specific molecules involved in cancer cell growth. It may be used for advanced or recurrent cancer.

Boosts the body’s immune system to fight cancer cells. It is being explored for advanced uterine cancer.
- Stage-Wise Treatment Options for Uterine Cancer
Cancer Stage | What It Means | Treatment Options |
---|---|---|
Stage I | Cancer is limited to the uterus |
- Surgery (hysterectomy with or without lymph node removal) - Observation or radiation (if high-risk) |
Stage II | Cancer has spread to the cervix |
- Surgery (hysterectomy with lymph node dissection) - Radiation ± chemotherapy |
Stage III | Cancer has spread to nearby tissues (ovaries, vagina, lymph nodes) |
- Surgery - Radiation + chemotherapy |
Stage IV | Cancer has spread to bladder, rectum, or distant organs |
- Chemotherapy ± radiation - Palliative care - Hormonal therapy (in some cases) |
Uterus Cancer Prevention

⦿ Maintain a Healthy Weight: Obesity increases estrogen levels, raising the risk of uterine cancer. Aim for a healthy weight through diet and exercise.
⦿ Control Diabetes: High blood sugar levels can increase the risk. Manage diabetes through diet, exercise, and medication.
⦿ Use Birth Control Pills: Oral contraceptives can lower the risk of uterine cancer. Discuss this option with your doctor.
⦿ Consider Progesterone Therapy: If you have irregular periods or take estrogen, consider progesterone. It helps balance hormone levels.
⦿ Regular Check-ups: See your doctor for regular pelvic exams and screenings. Early detection improves treatment outcomes.
⦿ Healthy Diet: Eat a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Limit processed foods, red meat, and high-fat dairy.
Life After Uterus Cancer Treatment

⦿ Manage Side Effects: Treatments like surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy can cause side effects. Work with your doctor to manage these effects.
⦿ Follow-Up Care: Regular check-ups and screenings are essential for monitoring recurrence. Adhere to the recommended follow-up schedule.
⦿ Healthy Lifestyle: Maintain a healthy diet, exercise regularly, and avoid smoking. A healthy lifestyle supports recovery and reduces recurrence risk.
⦿ Emotional Support: Seek support from family, friends, or support groups. Counseling can help cope with emotional challenges.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What are the early signs of uterus cancer?
How is uterus cancer diagnosed?
What are the risk factors for uterus cancer?
What are the treatment options for uterus cancer?
What is the survival rate for uterus cancer?
Can diet and lifestyle affect uterus cancer risk?
What are the symptoms of advanced uterus cancer?
Is uterus cancer hereditary?
What is endometrial hyperplasia, and how does it relate to uterus cancer?
Where can I find reliable information about uterus cancer?

Written by
Dr. Swati Shah
MS, DrNB (Surgical Oncology)
Dr. Swati Shah is a Robotic Uro and Gynecological Cancer Surgeon in Ahmedabad.

Reviewed by
Dr. Harsh Shah
MS, MCh (G I cancer Surgeon)
Dr. Harsh Shah is a renowned GI and HPB Robotic Cancer Surgeon in Ahmedabad.