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Radiation Therapy Offers Hope for Vulvar Cancer Without Surgery

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Radiation Therapy Offers Hope for Vulvar Cancer Without Surgery

Vulvar cancer is often treated with surgery, but for some women, preserving the affected area is a priority. A new study shows that a modern type of radiation therapy—called intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)—may be a safe and effective option.

This study looked at 159 women treated with IMRT instead of surgery between 2012 and 2022. About three-quarters had advanced-stage cancer, and most received chemotherapy along with radiation. Nearly 74% had a complete response, meaning the tumor was no longer detectable after treatment.

After five years, 58% of patients were still alive, and about 81% had no signs of the cancer spreading. Only 2% of women with no lymph node involvement had cancer return in the lymph nodes, which suggests surgery to remove those nodes might be avoidable in some cases.

Side effects included vaginal narrowing in 40% of patients and serious soft tissue problems in 9%. Most women completed their planned treatment.

This study shows that IMRT can control vulvar cancer well while avoiding surgery for some women. It may allow better quality of life without sacrificing cancer outcomes.

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