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A New Clue to Better Ovarian Cancer Treatment: BRCA1 Methylation

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A New Clue to Better Ovarian Cancer Treatment: BRCA1 Methylation

Doctors now have more tools to treat advanced ovarian cancer, especially drugs called PARP inhibitors (PARPi). These medicines help when cancer cells can’t repair their own DNA—a weakness seen in patients with BRCA gene mutations. But not all women with ovarian cancer have these mutations. So how can we tell who else might benefit?

A new study looked at a different clue: BRCA1 promoter methylation. This is a kind of “off switch” that can silence the BRCA1 gene, making it behave like it’s mutated. The study included 88 women with ovarian cancer and found that about 1 in 5 had this type of methylation.

Women whose tumors had BRCA1 methylation lived longer without their cancer growing after starting PARPi treatment. They also lived longer overall compared to those without methylation or other known DNA repair problems.

This means that testing for BRCA1 methylation might help doctors decide who should get PARP inhibitors—even if they don’t have a BRCA mutation. It may also help avoid giving these drugs to women who are less likely to benefit and could face side effects.

This research could lead to more personalized treatment and better outcomes for more women with ovarian cancer.

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